In the western side of the North Atlantic, at least two populations occur, separated by Cape Hatteras in North Carolina. As with most marine fish, their spawning habits are not well known. Spent bluefish have been found off east central Florida, migrating north. Bluefish fry are zooplankton, and are largely at the mercy of currents. They reproduce during spring and summer, and can live for up to 9 years. Life history Īdult bluefish are typically between 20 and 60 cm long, with a maximum reported size of 120 cm and 14 kg.
Along the South African coast and environs, movement patterns are roughly in parallel. In a similar pattern overall, the economically significant population that spawns in Europe's Black Sea migrates south through Istanbul (Bosphorus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles, Aegean Sea) and on toward Turkey's Mediterranean coast in the autumn for the cold season. By October, they leave the waters north of NYC, heading south (whereas some bluefish, perhaps less migratory, are present in the Gulf of Mexico throughout the year). By June, they may be found off Massachusetts in years of high abundance, stragglers may be found as far north as Nova Scotia. By April, they have disappeared, heading north. east coast, bluefish are found off Florida in the winter months.
Periodically, they leave the coasts and migrate in schools through open waters. They also enter estuaries and inhabit brackish waters. They are found in a variety of coastal habitats: above the continental shelf, in energetic waters near surf beaches, or by rock headlands. They are found in pelagic waters on much of the continental shelves along eastern America (though not between south Florida and northern South America), Africa, the Mediterranean and Black Seas (and during migration in between), Southeast Asia, and Australia. "Trolling for blue fish" lithograph by Currier & Ives, 1866īluefish are widely distributed around the world in tropical and subtropical waters.
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